Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2022 Population

106,184

0.66% 1-year decline

US Senator

Mike Lee

Republican Party

US Senator

Mitt Romney

Republican Party

2022 Median Age

36.6

0.549% 1-year increase

2022 Poverty Rate

7.25%

14.5% 1-year increase

2022 Median Household Income

$93,372

7.4% 1-year growth

2022 Median Property Value

$467,000

20.4% 1-year growth

About

In 2022, Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT had a population of 106k people with a median age of 36.6 and a median household income of $93,372. Between 2021 and 2022 the population of Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT declined from 106,890 to 106,184, a −0.66% decrease and its median household income grew from $86,937 to $93,372, a 7.4% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT are White (Non-Hispanic) (80.1%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (4.03%), White (Hispanic) (3.72%), Other (Hispanic) (3.28%), and Asian (Non-Hispanic) (3.19%).

13.7% of the households in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

95.8% of the residents in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT are The Barber School (58 degrees awarded in 2022).

In 2022, the median property value in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT was $467,000, and the homeownership rate was 67.5%.

Most people in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 21.8 minutes. The average car ownership in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT was 2 cars per household.

Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT borders Cache, Summit, Morgan & Rich Counties PUMA, UT, Southeast Utah & Uintah Basin Region PUMA, UT, Salt Lake County (South & East Central)--Draper (Northwest) & Sandy (South) Cities PUMA, UT, Salt Lake County (East Central)--South Salt Lake, Murray, Holladay & Millcreek Cities PUMA, UT, Salt Lake County--West Jordan City PUMA, UT, and Utah County (East)--Spanish Fork, Springville, Lehi (Northeast) & Highland Cities PUMA, UT.

United States Utah

Population & Diversity

Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT is home to a population of 106k people, from which 95.8% are citizens. As of 2022, 9.05% of Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT residents were born outside of the country (9.61k people).

In 2022, there were 19.9 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (85k people) in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT than any other race or ethnicity. There were 4.28k Two+ (Non-Hispanic) and 3.95k White (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary langauge in households in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT are Spanish (6,550 households), Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (945 households), and Russian (526 households).

Citizenship

95.8%

2022 Citizenship

95.4%

2021 Citizenship

As of 2022, 95.8% of Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.5%. In 2021, the percentage of US citizens in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT was 95.4%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT

White (Non-Hispanic)
85k ± 2.05k
Two+ (Non-Hispanic)
4.28k ± 713
White (Hispanic)
3.95k ± 836

10%

Hispanic Population

10.7k people

10% of the people in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT are hispanic (10.7k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT as a share of the total population.

Foreign-Born Population

9.05%

2022 Foreign-Born Population

9.61k people

9.3%

2021 Foreign-Born Population

9.95k people

As of 2022, 9.05% of Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT residents (9.61k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.6%. In 2021, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT was 9.3%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Spanish
6,550 households (6.61%)
Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)
945 households (0.953%)
Russian
526 households (0.53%)

13.7% of the households in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is lower than the national average of 21.7%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2022, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT was Spanish. 6.61% of the households in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
1,304 ± 333
Gulf War (2001-)
839 ± 235
Gulf War (1990s)
345 ± 138

Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.55 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT employs 55.2k people. The largest industries in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT are Construction (3,786 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (3,190 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (3,123 people), and the highest paying industries are Grocery & related product merchant wholesalers ($168,360), Software publishing ($155,900), and Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($147,680).

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

25,064

Women

45.7%

29,746

Men

54.3%

The workforce of Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT in 2020 was 54,810 people, with 45.7% woman, and 54.3% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Occupations

55.2k

2022 Value

−0.942%

1 Year decline

± −0.942%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT declined at a rate of −0.942%, from 55.7k employees to 55.2k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT, are Customer service representatives (2,408 people), Other managers (1,630 people), and Registered nurses (1,522 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Utah (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

55.2k

2022 Value

−0.942%

1 Year decline

± −0.942%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT declined at a rate of −0.942%, from 55.7k employees to 55.2k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT, are Construction (3,786 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (3,190 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (3,123 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT, though some of these residents may live in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$57,336

Median earning men ± $2,254

$40,464

Median earning women ± $2,552

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2022 are Wholesale Trade ($84,837), Information ($84,054), and Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($75,576).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2022 are Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($93,822), Public Administration ($70,403), and Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($55,414).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Utah.

Y-Axis

2.78%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 1.7M people employed in Utah. This represents a 2.78% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 7.69%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Utah.

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Utah went to Donald J. Trump with 58.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (37.6%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (2.58%).

Mike Lee and Mitt Romney are the senators currently representing the state of Utah. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Utah is currently represented by 4 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT. Showing the available data for Utah.

2020 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (58.1%)
Republican Party
Joseph R Biden Jr. (37.6%)
Democratic Party
Jo Jorgensen (2.58%)
Libertarian Party

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Utah went to Donald J. Trump with 58.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (37.6%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (2.58%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Utah for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Utah

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Utah.

Mike Lee

Senator from Utah

Assumed office on January 3, 2011

Mitt Romney

Senator from Utah

Assumed office on January 3, 2019

Mike Lee and Mitt Romney are the senators currently representing Utah.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Utah over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from Utah

Utah is currently represented by 4 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Utah have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2022, universities in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT awarded 58 degrees. The student population of Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT in 2022 is skewed towards men, with 110 male students and 38 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT are Hispanic or Latino (33 and 56.9%), followed by White (13 and 22.4%), Black or African American (4 and 6.9%), and Two or More Races (4 and 6.9%).

The largest universities in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT by number of degrees awarded are The Barber School (58 and 100%).

The most popular majors in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT are Barbering (58 and 100%).

Completions

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2022, 0.406% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.422% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT in 2022 were Bachelors Degree (21.7k), Some college (21.1k), and High School or Equivalent (16.6k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT was $467,000 in 2022, which is 1.66 times larger than the national average of $281,900. Between 2021 and 2022 the median property value increased from $387,800 to $467,000, a 20.4% increase. The homeownership rate in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT is 67.5%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.8%.

People in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT have an average commute time of 21.8 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT is $93,372. In 2022, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT was Salt Lake County--South Jordan, Herriman, Bluffdale & Riverton cities PUMA, UT with a value of $117,848, followed by Salt Lake County (South & East Central)--Draper (Northwest) & Sandy (South) Cities PUMA, UT and Utah County (East)--Spanish Fork, Springville, Lehi (Northeast) & Highland Cities PUMA, UT, with respective values of $114,386 and $112,896.

Property

$467,000

Median Property Value 2022

±$8,001

$26,805

Median Property Taxes

±$1,071

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT the largest share of households pay taxes in the $2k - $3k range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

67.5%

Homeownership

2022

68.8%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2022

In 2022, 67.5% of the housing units in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 67.8%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2022, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT was Salt Lake County--South Jordan, Herriman, Bluffdale & Riverton cities PUMA, UT with a value of $117,848, followed by Salt Lake County (South & East Central)--Draper (Northwest) & Sandy (South) Cities PUMA, UT and Utah County (East)--Spanish Fork, Springville, Lehi (Northeast) & Highland Cities PUMA, UT, with respective values of $114,386 and $112,896.

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$93,372

Median Household Income

± $3,033

39.7k

Number of Households

± 1,483

In 2022, the median household income of the 39.7k households in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT grew to $93,372 from the previous year's value of $86,937.

The following chart displays the households in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Wage Distribution

0.469

2022 Wage GINI in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT

0.473

2021 Wage GINI in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT

In 2022, the income inequality in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT was 0.469 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.823% decline from 2021 to 2022, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2022

Drove Alone (67.4%)
Worked At Home (17.5%)
Carpooled (9.81%)

In 2022, 67.4% of workers in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (17.5%) and those who carpooled to work (9.81%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

21.8 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT have a shorter commute time (21.8 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.7 minutes). Additionally, 0.859% of the workforce in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

7.25% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT (7.68k out of 106k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 35 - 44 and then Females 6 - 11.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT is White, followed by Hispanic and Two Or More.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

92.8% of the population of Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT has health coverage, with 59.2% on employee plans, 7.54% on Medicaid, 11.5% on Medicare, 13.6% on non-group plans, and 0.999% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Utah see 1741 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.23% increase from the previous year (1737 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1463 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 270 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Utah.

1,741 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Utah

Primary care physicians in Utah see an average of 1,741 patients per year. This represents a 0.23% increase from the previous year (1,737 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Utah in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2022, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 24.6% under 18 years, 23% between 18 and 34 years, 37.6% between 35 and 64 years, and 14.9% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 50.4% were men and 49.6% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

7.21%

Uninsured

59.2%

Employer Coverage

7.54%

Medicaid

11.5%

Medicare

13.6%

Non-Group

0.999%

Military or VA

Between 2021 and 2022, the percent of uninsured citizens in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT grew by 1.9% from 7.08% to 7.21%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Salt Lake County (Southeast)--Sandy (North), Cottonwood Heights & Midvale Cities PUMA, UT changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.